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Magento-Concept

By Saurabh Patel

1) Mcrypt :

This is an interface to the mcrypt library, which supports a wide variety of block algorithms such as DES, TripleDES, Blowfish (default), 3-WAY, SAFER-SK64, SAFER-SK128, TWOFISH, TEA, RC2 and GOST in CBC, OFB, CFB and ECB cipher modes. Additionally, it supports RC6 and IDEA which are considered "non-free". CFB/OFB are 8bit by default.

2) Mhash :

These functions are intended to work with » mhash. Mhash can be used to create checksums, message digests, message authentication codes, and more.
This is an interface to the mhash library. Mhash supports a wide variety of hash algorithms such as MD5, SHA1, GOST, and many others.


3) Simplexml :

The SimpleXML extension provides a very simple and easily usable toolset to convert XML to an object that can be processed with normal property selectors and array iterators.

4) DOM :

The DOM extension allows you to op  erate on XML documents through the DOM API with PHP 5.

5) InnoDB storage engine :

InnoDB is a transaction-safe (ACID compliant) storage engine for MySQL that has commit, rollback, and crash-recovery capabilities to protect user data. supports row-level locking. stores user data in clustered indexes to reduce I/O for common queries based on primary keys InnoDB has been designed for maximum performance when processing large data volumes. Its CPU efficiency is probably not matched by any other disk-based relational database engine.

 The InnoDB storage engine maintains its own buffer pool for caching data and indexes in main memory. InnoDB stores its tables and indexes in a tablespace, which may consist of several files (or raw disk partitions). This is different from, for example, MyISAM tables where each table is stored using separate files. InnoDB tables can be very large even on operating systems where file size is limited to 2GB.

6) APC :

The Alternative PHP Cache (APC) is a free and open opcode cache for PHP. Its goal is to provide a free, open, and robust framework for caching and optimizing PHP intermediate code.

What is Mage ???

This is the very important file containing the class Mage, which glues together all the magento modules, functions and files. To call a magento function in a program outside the magento application, you should ‘require’ or ‘include’ the Mage.php file in a program and use the class Mage. Mage has function like getModel(), getSingleton() that will allow you to call a specific function from any module of magento.

PAGE REQUEST FLOW

1) Controllers PHP Classes which define the pages that are available in a module and load the layout for those pages.
2) Layout File XML File that tells the controller which blocks to use.
3) Block Classes PHP Classes which gather data from Models and Helpers and give it to templates.
4) Model Classes.
PHP Classes which retrieve data from other sources (like the database) and transform it using business logic.
5) Helpers PHP Classes which contain common functions needed to retrieve or transform data in the module.
6) Template Files PHTML files which take data from blocks and output HTML
7) Localization File CSV file that defines translations for text to allow multiple languages for a module
8) Module Configuration XML file(s) which hook into Magento functionality to define and enable the module.
9) Module Specification XML File which describes module version and its dependencies on other modules

Websites, Stores and Stores Views




Websites
A website is made up of one or more stores which shares the same customer information, order information and shopping cart.

 Stores
Stores can be setup in a variety of ways, but remember that if they are the part of the same website they will share certain information.

 Store Views
Store Views are mainly used for different languages, so if you wanted to display store in English or Gujarati, for example, you could create the store once and create two different store views for that store.

Layouts :

Layout is describe which section of the page goes where by changing just a few attributes in an xml file. This xml file is use to handle a page’s layout and also to define which elements are available to be rendered



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